add native zstd support (#19793)

# Objective

- add support for alternate zstd backend through `zstd` for faster
decompression

## Solution

- make existing `zstd` feature only specify that support is required,
disambiguate which backend to use via two other features `zstd_native`
and `zstd_rust`.
- Similar to the approach taken by #18411, but we keep current behavior
by defaulting to the rust implementation because its safer, and isolate
this change.

NOTE: the default feature-set may seem to not currently require `zstd`,
but it does, it is enabled transitively by the `tonemapping_luts`
feature, which is a default feature. Thus this does not add default
features.

## Testing

- Cargo clippy on both feature combinations

Cargo.toml

@@ -165,6 +165,7 @@ default = [
   "webgl2",
   "x11",
   "debug",
+  "zstd_rust",
 ]
 
 # Recommended defaults for no_std applications
@@ -381,8 +382,11 @@ webp = ["bevy_internal/webp"]
 # For KTX2 supercompression
 zlib = ["bevy_internal/zlib"]
 
-# For KTX2 supercompression
-zstd = ["bevy_internal/zstd"]
+# For KTX2 Zstandard decompression using pure rust [ruzstd](https://crates.io/crates/ruzstd). This is the safe default. For maximum performance, use "zstd_c".
+zstd_rust = ["bevy_internal/zstd_rust"]
+
+# For KTX2 Zstandard decompression using [zstd](https://crates.io/crates/zstd). This is a faster backend, but uses unsafe C bindings. For the safe option, stick to the default backend with "zstd_rust".
+zstd_c = ["bevy_internal/zstd_c"]
 
 # FLAC audio format support
 flac = ["bevy_internal/flac"]
@@ -451,7 +455,7 @@ android_shared_stdcxx = ["bevy_internal/android_shared_stdcxx"]
 detailed_trace = ["bevy_internal/detailed_trace"]
 
 # Include tonemapping Look Up Tables KTX2 files. If everything is pink, you need to enable this feature or change the `Tonemapping` method for your `Camera2d` or `Camera3d`.
-tonemapping_luts = ["bevy_internal/tonemapping_luts", "ktx2", "zstd"]
+tonemapping_luts = ["bevy_internal/tonemapping_luts", "ktx2", "bevy_image/zstd"]
 
 # Include SMAA Look Up Tables KTX2 Files
 smaa_luts = ["bevy_internal/smaa_luts"]

crates/bevy_image/Cargo.toml

@@ -36,7 +36,14 @@ serialize = ["bevy_reflect", "bevy_platform/serialize"]
 
 # For ktx2 supercompression
 zlib = ["flate2"]
-zstd = ["ruzstd"]
+
+# A marker feature indicating zstd support is required for a particular feature.
+# A backend must be chosen by enabling either the "zstd_rust" or the "zstd_c" feature.
+zstd = []
+# Pure-rust zstd implementation (safer)
+zstd_rust = ["zstd", "dep:ruzstd"]
+# Binding to zstd C implementation (faster)
+zstd_c = ["zstd", "dep:zstd"]
 
 # Enables compressed KTX2 UASTC texture output on the asset processor
 compressed_image_saver = ["basis-universal"]
@@ -73,6 +80,7 @@ ddsfile = { version = "0.5.2", optional = true }
 ktx2 = { version = "0.4.0", optional = true }
 # For ktx2 supercompression
 flate2 = { version = "1.0.22", optional = true }
+zstd = { version = "0.13.3", optional = true }
 ruzstd = { version = "0.8.0", optional = true }
 # For transcoding of UASTC/ETC1S universal formats, and for .basis file support
 basis-universal = { version = "0.3.0", optional = true }

crates/bevy_image/src/ktx2.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#[cfg(any(feature = "flate2", feature = "ruzstd"))]
+#[cfg(any(feature = "flate2", feature = "zstd_rust"))]
 use std::io::Read;
 
 #[cfg(feature = "basis-universal")]
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ use basis_universal::{
 };
 use bevy_color::Srgba;
 use bevy_utils::default;
-#[cfg(any(feature = "flate2", feature = "ruzstd"))]
+#[cfg(any(feature = "flate2", feature = "zstd_rust", feature = "zstd_c"))]
 use ktx2::SupercompressionScheme;
 use ktx2::{
     ChannelTypeQualifiers, ColorModel, DfdBlockBasic, DfdBlockHeaderBasic, DfdHeader, Header,
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ pub fn ktx2_buffer_to_image(
                     })?;
                     levels.push(decompressed);
                 }
-                #[cfg(feature = "ruzstd")]
+                #[cfg(feature = "zstd_rust")]
                 SupercompressionScheme::Zstandard => {
                     let mut cursor = std::io::Cursor::new(level.data);
                     let mut decoder = ruzstd::decoding::StreamingDecoder::new(&mut cursor)
@@ -71,6 +71,14 @@ pub fn ktx2_buffer_to_image(
                     })?;
                     levels.push(decompressed);
                 }
+                #[cfg(all(feature = "zstd_c", not(feature = "zstd_rust")))]
+                SupercompressionScheme::Zstandard => {
+                    levels.push(zstd::decode_all(level.data).map_err(|err| {
+                        TextureError::SuperDecompressionError(format!(
+                            "Failed to decompress {supercompression_scheme:?} for mip {level_index}: {err:?}",
+                        ))
+                    })?);
+                }
                 _ => {
                     return Err(TextureError::SuperDecompressionError(format!(
                         "Unsupported supercompression scheme: {supercompression_scheme:?}",

crates/bevy_image/src/lib.rs

@@ -10,6 +10,11 @@ pub mod prelude {
     };
 }
 
+#[cfg(all(feature = "zstd", not(feature = "zstd_rust"), not(feature = "zstd_c")))]
+compile_error!(
+    "Choosing a zstd backend is required for zstd support. Please enable either the \"zstd_rust\" or the \"zstd_c\" feature."
+);
+
 mod image;
 pub use self::image::*;
 #[cfg(feature = "basis-universal")]

crates/bevy_internal/Cargo.toml

@@ -43,6 +43,8 @@ ktx2 = ["bevy_image/ktx2", "bevy_render/ktx2"]
 # For ktx2 supercompression
 zlib = ["bevy_image/zlib"]
 zstd = ["bevy_image/zstd"]
+zstd_rust = ["bevy_image/zstd_rust"]
+zstd_c = ["bevy_image/zstd_c"]
 
 # Image format support (PNG enabled by default)
 bmp = ["bevy_image/bmp"]

docs/cargo_features.md

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ The default feature set enables most of the expected features of a game engine,
 |vorbis|OGG/VORBIS audio format support|
 |webgl2|Enable some limitations to be able to use WebGL2. Please refer to the [WebGL2 and WebGPU](https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/tree/latest/examples#webgl2-and-webgpu) section of the examples README for more information on how to run Wasm builds with WebGPU.|
 |x11|X11 display server support|
-|zstd|For KTX2 supercompression|
+|zstd_rust|For KTX2 Zstandard decompression using pure rust [ruzstd](https://crates.io/crates/ruzstd). This is the safe default. For maximum performance, use "zstd_c".|
 
 ### Optional Features
 
@@ -130,3 +130,4 @@ The default feature set enables most of the expected features of a game engine,
 |webgpu|Enable support for WebGPU in Wasm. When enabled, this feature will override the `webgl2` feature and you won't be able to run Wasm builds with WebGL2, only with WebGPU.|
 |webp|WebP image format support|
 |zlib|For KTX2 supercompression|
+|zstd_c|For KTX2 Zstandard decompression using [zstd](https://crates.io/crates/zstd). This is a faster backend, but uses unsafe C bindings. For the safe option, stick to the default backend with "zstd_rust".|

release-content/migration-guides/zstd.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+title: New zstd backend
+pull_requests: [19793]
+---
+
+A more performant zstd backend has been added for texture decompression. To enable it, disable default-features and enable feature "zstd_c".
+If you have default-features disabled and use functionality that requires zstd decompression ("tonemapping_luts" or "ktx2"), you must choose a zstd implementation with one of the following feature flags: "zstd_c" (faster) or "zstd_rust" (safer)