bevy/examples/animation/animated_fox.rs

//! Plays animations from a skinned glTF.

use std::{f32::consts::PI, time::Duration};

use bevy::{
    animation::{AnimationTargetId, RepeatAnimation},
    color::palettes::css::WHITE,
    pbr::CascadeShadowConfigBuilder,
    prelude::*,
};
use rand::{Rng, SeedableRng};
use rand_chacha::ChaCha8Rng;

const FOX_PATH: &str = "models/animated/Fox.glb";

fn main() {
    App::new()
        .insert_resource(AmbientLight {
            color: Color::WHITE,
            brightness: 2000.,
            ..default()
        })
        .add_plugins(DefaultPlugins)
        .init_resource::<ParticleAssets>()
        .init_resource::<FoxFeetTargets>()
        .add_systems(Startup, setup)
        .add_systems(Update, setup_scene_once_loaded)
        .add_systems(Update, (keyboard_animation_control, simulate_particles))
        .add_observer(observe_on_step)
        .run();
}

#[derive(Resource)]
struct SeededRng(ChaCha8Rng);

#[derive(Resource)]
struct Animations {
    animations: Vec<AnimationNodeIndex>,
    graph: Handle<AnimationGraph>,
}

#[derive(Event, Reflect, Clone)]
struct OnStep;

fn observe_on_step(
    trigger: Trigger<OnStep>,
    particle: Res<ParticleAssets>,
    mut commands: Commands,
    transforms: Query<&GlobalTransform>,
    mut seeded_rng: ResMut<SeededRng>,
) {
    let translation = transforms.get(trigger.target()).unwrap().translation();
    // Spawn a bunch of particles.
    for _ in 0..14 {
        let horizontal = seeded_rng.0.gen::<Dir2>() * seeded_rng.0.gen_range(8.0..12.0);
        let vertical = seeded_rng.0.gen_range(0.0..4.0);
        let size = seeded_rng.0.gen_range(0.2..1.0);
        commands.queue(spawn_particle(
            particle.mesh.clone(),
            particle.material.clone(),
            translation.reject_from_normalized(Vec3::Y),
            seeded_rng.0.gen_range(0.2..0.6),
            size,
            Vec3::new(horizontal.x, vertical, horizontal.y) * 10.0,
        ));
    }
}

fn setup(
    mut commands: Commands,
    asset_server: Res<AssetServer>,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
    mut graphs: ResMut<Assets<AnimationGraph>>,
) {
    // Build the animation graph
    let (graph, node_indices) = AnimationGraph::from_clips([
        asset_server.load(GltfAssetLabel::Animation(2).from_asset(FOX_PATH)),
        asset_server.load(GltfAssetLabel::Animation(1).from_asset(FOX_PATH)),
        asset_server.load(GltfAssetLabel::Animation(0).from_asset(FOX_PATH)),
    ]);

    // Insert a resource with the current scene information
    let graph_handle = graphs.add(graph);
    commands.insert_resource(Animations {
        animations: node_indices,
        graph: graph_handle,
    });

    // Camera
    commands.spawn((
        Camera3d::default(),
        Transform::from_xyz(100.0, 100.0, 150.0).looking_at(Vec3::new(0.0, 20.0, 0.0), Vec3::Y),
    ));

    // Plane
    commands.spawn((
        Mesh3d(meshes.add(Plane3d::default().mesh().size(500000.0, 500000.0))),
        MeshMaterial3d(materials.add(Color::srgb(0.3, 0.5, 0.3))),
    ));

    // Light
    commands.spawn((
        Transform::from_rotation(Quat::from_euler(EulerRot::ZYX, 0.0, 1.0, -PI / 4.)),
        DirectionalLight {
            shadows_enabled: true,
            ..default()
        },
        CascadeShadowConfigBuilder {
            first_cascade_far_bound: 200.0,
            maximum_distance: 400.0,
            ..default()
        }
        .build(),
    ));

    // Fox
    commands.spawn(SceneRoot(
        asset_server.load(GltfAssetLabel::Scene(0).from_asset(FOX_PATH)),
    ));

    println!("Animation controls:");
    println!("  - spacebar: play / pause");
    println!("  - arrow up / down: speed up / slow down animation playback");
    println!("  - arrow left / right: seek backward / forward");
    println!("  - digit 1 / 3 / 5: play the animation <digit> times");
    println!("  - L: loop the animation forever");
    println!("  - return: change animation");

    // We're seeding the PRNG here to make this example deterministic for testing purposes.
    // This isn't strictly required in practical use unless you need your app to be deterministic.
    let seeded_rng = ChaCha8Rng::seed_from_u64(19878367467712);
    commands.insert_resource(SeededRng(seeded_rng));
}

// An `AnimationPlayer` is automatically added to the scene when it's ready.
// When the player is added, start the animation.
fn setup_scene_once_loaded(
    mut commands: Commands,
    animations: Res<Animations>,
    feet: Res<FoxFeetTargets>,
    graphs: Res<Assets<AnimationGraph>>,
    mut clips: ResMut<Assets<AnimationClip>>,
    mut players: Query<(Entity, &mut AnimationPlayer), Added<AnimationPlayer>>,
) {
    fn get_clip<'a>(
        node: AnimationNodeIndex,
        graph: &AnimationGraph,
        clips: &'a mut Assets<AnimationClip>,
    ) -> &'a mut AnimationClip {
        let node = graph.get(node).unwrap();
        let clip = match &node.node_type {
            AnimationNodeType::Clip(handle) => clips.get_mut(handle),
            _ => unreachable!(),
        };
        clip.unwrap()
    }

    for (entity, mut player) in &mut players {
        let graph = graphs.get(&animations.graph).unwrap();

        // Send `OnStep` events once the fox feet hits the ground in the running animation.
        let running_animation = get_clip(animations.animations[0], graph, &mut clips);
        // You can determine the time an event should trigger if you know witch frame it occurs and
        // the frame rate of the animation. Let's say we want to trigger an event at frame 15,
        // and the animation has a frame rate of 24 fps, then time = 15 / 24 = 0.625.
        running_animation.add_event_to_target(feet.front_left, 0.625, OnStep);
        running_animation.add_event_to_target(feet.front_right, 0.5, OnStep);
        running_animation.add_event_to_target(feet.back_left, 0.0, OnStep);
        running_animation.add_event_to_target(feet.back_right, 0.125, OnStep);

        let mut transitions = AnimationTransitions::new();

        // Make sure to start the animation via the `AnimationTransitions`
        // component. The `AnimationTransitions` component wants to manage all
        // the animations and will get confused if the animations are started
        // directly via the `AnimationPlayer`.
        transitions
            .play(&mut player, animations.animations[0], Duration::ZERO)
            .repeat();

        commands
            .entity(entity)
            .insert(AnimationGraphHandle(animations.graph.clone()))
            .insert(transitions);
    }
}

fn keyboard_animation_control(
    keyboard_input: Res<ButtonInput<KeyCode>>,
    mut animation_players: Query<(&mut AnimationPlayer, &mut AnimationTransitions)>,
    animations: Res<Animations>,
    mut current_animation: Local<usize>,
) {
    for (mut player, mut transitions) in &mut animation_players {
        let Some((&playing_animation_index, _)) = player.playing_animations().next() else {
            continue;
        };

        if keyboard_input.just_pressed(KeyCode::Space) {
            let playing_animation = player.animation_mut(playing_animation_index).unwrap();
            if playing_animation.is_paused() {
                playing_animation.resume();
            } else {
                playing_animation.pause();
            }
        }

        if keyboard_input.just_pressed(KeyCode::ArrowUp) {
            let playing_animation = player.animation_mut(playing_animation_index).unwrap();
            let speed = playing_animation.speed();
            playing_animation.set_speed(speed * 1.2);
        }

        if keyboard_input.just_pressed(KeyCode::ArrowDown) {
            let playing_animation = player.animation_mut(playing_animation_index).unwrap();
            let speed = playing_animation.speed();
            playing_animation.set_speed(speed * 0.8);
        }

        if keyboard_input.just_pressed(KeyCode::ArrowLeft) {
            let playing_animation = player.animation_mut(playing_animation_index).unwrap();
            let elapsed = playing_animation.seek_time();
            playing_animation.seek_to(elapsed - 0.1);
        }

        if keyboard_input.just_pressed(KeyCode::ArrowRight) {
            let playing_animation = player.animation_mut(playing_animation_index).unwrap();
            let elapsed = playing_animation.seek_time();
            playing_animation.seek_to(elapsed + 0.1);
        }

        if keyboard_input.just_pressed(KeyCode::Enter) {
            *current_animation = (*current_animation + 1) % animations.animations.len();

            transitions
                .play(
                    &mut player,
                    animations.animations[*current_animation],
                    Duration::from_millis(250),
                )
                .repeat();
        }

        if keyboard_input.just_pressed(KeyCode::Digit1) {
            let playing_animation = player.animation_mut(playing_animation_index).unwrap();
            playing_animation
                .set_repeat(RepeatAnimation::Count(1))
                .replay();
        }

        if keyboard_input.just_pressed(KeyCode::Digit3) {
            let playing_animation = player.animation_mut(playing_animation_index).unwrap();
            playing_animation
                .set_repeat(RepeatAnimation::Count(3))
                .replay();
        }

        if keyboard_input.just_pressed(KeyCode::Digit5) {
            let playing_animation = player.animation_mut(playing_animation_index).unwrap();
            playing_animation
                .set_repeat(RepeatAnimation::Count(5))
                .replay();
        }

        if keyboard_input.just_pressed(KeyCode::KeyL) {
            let playing_animation = player.animation_mut(playing_animation_index).unwrap();
            playing_animation.set_repeat(RepeatAnimation::Forever);
        }
    }
}

fn simulate_particles(
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut query: Query<(Entity, &mut Transform, &mut Particle)>,
    time: Res<Time>,
) {
    for (entity, mut transform, mut particle) in &mut query {
        if particle.lifetime_timer.tick(time.delta()).just_finished() {
            commands.entity(entity).despawn();
        } else {
            transform.translation += particle.velocity * time.delta_secs();
            transform.scale =
                Vec3::splat(particle.size.lerp(0.0, particle.lifetime_timer.fraction()));
            particle
                .velocity
                .smooth_nudge(&Vec3::ZERO, 4.0, time.delta_secs());
        }
    }
}

fn spawn_particle<M: Material>(
    mesh: Handle<Mesh>,
    material: Handle<M>,
    translation: Vec3,
    lifetime: f32,
    size: f32,
    velocity: Vec3,
) -> impl Command {
    move |world: &mut World| {
        world.spawn((
            Particle {
                lifetime_timer: Timer::from_seconds(lifetime, TimerMode::Once),
                size,
                velocity,
            },
            Mesh3d(mesh),
            MeshMaterial3d(material),
            Transform {
                translation,
                scale: Vec3::splat(size),
                ..Default::default()
            },
        ));
    }
}

#[derive(Component)]
struct Particle {
    lifetime_timer: Timer,
    size: f32,
    velocity: Vec3,
}

#[derive(Resource)]
struct ParticleAssets {
    mesh: Handle<Mesh>,
    material: Handle<StandardMaterial>,
}

impl FromWorld for ParticleAssets {
    fn from_world(world: &mut World) -> Self {
        Self {
            mesh: world.resource_mut::<Assets<Mesh>>().add(Sphere::new(10.0)),
            material: world
                .resource_mut::<Assets<StandardMaterial>>()
                .add(StandardMaterial {
                    base_color: WHITE.into(),
                    ..Default::default()
                }),
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Resource)]
struct FoxFeetTargets {
    front_right: AnimationTargetId,
    front_left: AnimationTargetId,
    back_left: AnimationTargetId,
    back_right: AnimationTargetId,
}

impl Default for FoxFeetTargets {
    fn default() -> Self {
        // Get the id's of the feet and store them in a resource.
        let hip_node = ["root", "_rootJoint", "b_Root_00", "b_Hip_01"];
        let front_left_foot = hip_node.iter().chain(
            [
                "b_Spine01_02",
                "b_Spine02_03",
                "b_LeftUpperArm_09",
                "b_LeftForeArm_010",
                "b_LeftHand_011",
            ]
            .iter(),
        );
        let front_right_foot = hip_node.iter().chain(
            [
                "b_Spine01_02",
                "b_Spine02_03",
                "b_RightUpperArm_06",
                "b_RightForeArm_07",
                "b_RightHand_08",
            ]
            .iter(),
        );
        let back_left_foot = hip_node.iter().chain(
            [
                "b_LeftLeg01_015",
                "b_LeftLeg02_016",
                "b_LeftFoot01_017",
                "b_LeftFoot02_018",
            ]
            .iter(),
        );
        let back_right_foot = hip_node.iter().chain(
            [
                "b_RightLeg01_019",
                "b_RightLeg02_020",
                "b_RightFoot01_021",
                "b_RightFoot02_022",
            ]
            .iter(),
        );
        Self {
            front_left: AnimationTargetId::from_iter(front_left_foot),
            front_right: AnimationTargetId::from_iter(front_right_foot),
            back_left: AnimationTargetId::from_iter(back_left_foot),
            back_right: AnimationTargetId::from_iter(back_right_foot),
        }
    }
}