# Objective
Use the latest version of `typos` and fix the typos that it now detects
# Additional Info
By the way, `typos` has a "low priority typo suggestions issue" where we
can throw typos we find that `typos` doesn't catch.
(This link may go stale) https://github.com/crate-ci/typos/issues/1200
CI was failing because `bevy_math` no longer compiled with `libcore`.
This was due to PR #15981. This commit fixes the issue by moving the
applicable functionality behind `#[cfg(feature = "alloc")]`.
# Objective
- This PR adds the ability to determine whether a `Polygon<N>` or
`BoxedPolygon` is simple (aka. not self-intersecting) by calling
`my_polygon.is_simple()`.
- This may be useful information for users to determine whether their
polygons are 'valid' and will be useful when adding meshing for
polygons.
- As such this is a step towards fixing #15255
## Solution
- Implemented the Shamos-Hoey algorithm in its own module `polygon`.
## Testing
- Tests are included, and can be verified visually.
---
## Performance
- The Shamos-Hoey algorithm runs in O(n * log n)
- In reality, the results look more linear to me.
- Determining simplicity for a simple polygon (the worst case) with less
than 100 vertices takes less than 0.2ms.
# Objective
Fixes#16610, related to #16702
## Solution
Upgrade typos and its configuration
## Testing
- Did you test these changes? If so, how? No
- Are there any parts that need more testing? No
- How can other people (reviewers) test your changes? Is there anything
specific they need to know? No
- If relevant, what platforms did you test these changes on, and are
there any important ones you can't test? Not applicable
# Objective
- Remove `derive_more`'s error derivation and replace it with
`thiserror`
## Solution
- Added `derive_more`'s `error` feature to `deny.toml` to prevent it
sneaking back in.
- Reverted to `thiserror` error derivation
## Notes
Merge conflicts were too numerous to revert the individual changes, so
this reversion was done manually. Please scrutinise carefully during
review.
# Objective
- Contributes to #15460
## Solution
- Added two new features, `std` (default) and `alloc`, gating `std` and
`alloc` behind them respectively.
- Added missing `f32` functions to `std_ops` as required. These `f32`
methods have been added to the `clippy.toml` deny list to aid in
`no_std` development.
## Testing
- CI
- `cargo clippy -p bevy_math --no-default-features --features libm
--target "x86_64-unknown-none"`
- `cargo test -p bevy_math --no-default-features --features libm`
- `cargo test -p bevy_math --no-default-features --features "libm,
alloc"`
- `cargo test -p bevy_math --no-default-features --features "libm,
alloc, std"`
- `cargo test -p bevy_math --no-default-features --features "std"`
## Notes
The following items require the `alloc` feature to be enabled:
- `CubicBSpline`
- `CubicBezier`
- `CubicCardinalSpline`
- `CubicCurve`
- `CubicGenerator`
- `CubicHermite`
- `CubicNurbs`
- `CyclicCubicGenerator`
- `RationalCurve`
- `RationalGenerator`
- `BoxedPolygon`
- `BoxedPolyline2d`
- `BoxedPolyline3d`
- `SampleCurve`
- `SampleAutoCurve`
- `UnevenSampleCurve`
- `UnevenSampleAutoCurve`
- `EvenCore`
- `UnevenCore`
- `ChunkedUnevenCore`
This requirement could be relaxed in certain cases, but I had erred on
the side of gating rather than modifying. Since `no_std` is a new set of
platforms we are adding support to, and the `alloc` feature is enabled
by default, this is not a breaking change.
---------
Co-authored-by: Benjamin Brienen <benjamin.brienen@outlook.com>
Co-authored-by: Matty <2975848+mweatherley@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Joona Aalto <jondolf.dev@gmail.com>
# Objective
- `CircularSegment` and `CircularSector` are well defined 2D shapes with
both an area and a perimeter.
# Solution
- This PR implements `perimeter` for both and moves the existsing `area`
functions into the `Measured2d` implementations.
## Testing
- The `arc_tests` have been extended to also check for perimeters.
# Objective
- Fixes#15963
## Solution
- Implement `TryFrom<Polygon<N> for ConvexPolygon<N>`
- Implement `From<ConvexPolygon<N>> for Polygon<N>`
- Remove `pub` from `vertices`
- Add `ConvexPolygon::vertices()` to get read only access to the
vertices of a convex polygon.
# Objective
- As discussed on
[Discord](https://discord.com/channels/691052431525675048/1203087353850364004/1285300659746246849),
implement a `ConvexPolygon` 2D math primitive and associated mesh
builder.
- The original goal was to have a mesh builder for the simplest (i.e.
convex) polygons.
## Solution
- The `ConvexPolygon` is created from its vertices.
- The convexity of the polygon is checked when created via `new()` by
verifying that the winding order of all the triangles formed with
adjacent vertices is the same.
- The `ConvexPolygonMeshBuilder` uses an anchor vertex and goes through
every adjacent pair of vertices in the polygon to form triangles that
fill up the polygon.
## Testing
- Tested locally with my own simple `ConvexPolygonMeshBuilder` usage.
# Objective
Unlike `Capsule3d` which has the `.to_cylinder` method, `Capsule2d`
doesn't have an equivalent `.to_inner_rectangle` method and as shown by
#15191 this is surprisingly easy to get wrong
## Solution
Implemented a `Capsule2d::to_inner_rectangle` method as it is
implemented in the fixed `Capsule2d` shape sampling, and as I was adding
tests I noticed `Capsule2d` didn't implement `Measure2d` so I did this
as well.
## Changelog
### Added
- `Capsule2d::to_inner_rectangle`, `Capsule2d::area` and
`Capsule2d::perimeter`
---------
Co-authored-by: Joona Aalto <jondolf.dev@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: James Liu <contact@jamessliu.com>
Co-authored-by: Alice Cecile <alice.i.cecile@gmail.com>
# Objective
- Fixes#6370
- Closes#6581
## Solution
- Added the following lints to the workspace:
- `std_instead_of_core`
- `std_instead_of_alloc`
- `alloc_instead_of_core`
- Used `cargo +nightly fmt` with [item level use
formatting](https://rust-lang.github.io/rustfmt/?version=v1.6.0&search=#Item%5C%3A)
to split all `use` statements into single items.
- Used `cargo clippy --workspace --all-targets --all-features --fix
--allow-dirty` to _attempt_ to resolve the new linting issues, and
intervened where the lint was unable to resolve the issue automatically
(usually due to needing an `extern crate alloc;` statement in a crate
root).
- Manually removed certain uses of `std` where negative feature gating
prevented `--all-features` from finding the offending uses.
- Used `cargo +nightly fmt` with [crate level use
formatting](https://rust-lang.github.io/rustfmt/?version=v1.6.0&search=#Crate%5C%3A)
to re-merge all `use` statements matching Bevy's previous styling.
- Manually fixed cases where the `fmt` tool could not re-merge `use`
statements due to conditional compilation attributes.
## Testing
- Ran CI locally
## Migration Guide
The MSRV is now 1.81. Please update to this version or higher.
## Notes
- This is a _massive_ change to try and push through, which is why I've
outlined the semi-automatic steps I used to create this PR, in case this
fails and someone else tries again in the future.
- Making this change has no impact on user code, but does mean Bevy
contributors will be warned to use `core` and `alloc` instead of `std`
where possible.
- This lint is a critical first step towards investigating `no_std`
options for Bevy.
---------
Co-authored-by: François Mockers <francois.mockers@vleue.com>
# Objective
Fixes#14782
## Solution
Enable the lint and fix all upcoming hints (`--fix`). Also tried to
figure out the false-positive (see review comment). Maybe split this PR
up into multiple parts where only the last one enables the lint, so some
can already be merged resulting in less many files touched / less
potential for merge conflicts?
Currently, there are some cases where it might be easier to read the
code with the qualifier, so perhaps remove the import of it and adapt
its cases? In the current stage it's just a plain adoption of the
suggestions in order to have a base to discuss.
## Testing
`cargo clippy` and `cargo run -p ci` are happy.
# Objective
Closes#14474
Previously, the `libm` feature of bevy_math would just pass the same
feature flag down to glam. However, bevy_math itself had many uses of
floating-point arithmetic with unspecified precision. For example,
`f32::sin_cos` and `f32::powi` have unspecified precision, which means
that the exact details of their output are not guaranteed to be stable
across different systems and/or versions of Rust. This means that users
of bevy_math could observe slightly different behavior on different
systems if these methods were used.
The goal of this PR is to make it so that the `libm` feature flag
actually guarantees some degree of determinacy within bevy_math itself
by switching to the libm versions of these functions when the `libm`
feature is enabled.
## Solution
bevy_math now has an internal module `bevy_math::ops`, which re-exports
either the standard versions of the operations or the libm versions
depending on whether the `libm` feature is enabled. For example,
`ops::sin` compiles to `f32::sin` without the `libm` feature and to
`libm::sinf` with it.
This approach has a small shortfall, which is that `f32::powi` (integer
powers of floating point numbers) does not have an equivalent in `libm`.
On the other hand, this method is only used for squaring and cubing
numbers in bevy_math. Accordingly, this deficit is covered by the
introduction of a trait `ops::FloatPow`:
```rust
pub(crate) trait FloatPow {
fn squared(self) -> Self;
fn cubed(self) -> Self;
}
```
Next, each current usage of the unspecified-precision methods has been
replaced by its equivalent in `ops`, so that when `libm` is enabled, the
libm version is used instead. The exception, of course, is that
`.powi(2)`/`.powi(3)` have been replaced with `.squared()`/`.cubed()`.
Finally, the usage of the plain `f32` methods with unspecified precision
is now linted out of bevy_math (and hence disallowed in CI). For
example, using `f32::sin` within bevy_math produces a warning that tells
the user to use the `ops::sin` version instead.
## Testing
Ran existing tests. It would be nice to check some benchmarks on NURBS
things once #14677 merges. I'm happy to wait until then if the rest of
this PR is fine.
---
## Discussion
In the future, it might make sense to actually expose `bevy_math::ops`
as public if any downstream Bevy crates want to provide similar
determinacy guarantees. For now, it's all just `pub(crate)`.
This PR also only covers `f32`. If we find ourselves using `f64`
internally in parts of bevy_math for better robustness, we could extend
the module and lints to cover the `f64` versions easily enough.
I don't know how feasible it is, but it would also be nice if we could
standardize the bevy_math tests with the `libm` feature in CI, since
their success is currently platform-dependent (e.g. 8 of them fail on my
machine when run locally).
---------
Co-authored-by: IQuick 143 <IQuick143cz@gmail.com>
This is an attempt to address issue #13725, which was about the
geometric primitives in the bevy_math crate lacking some detail in the
docs.
# Objective
Fixes#13725
## Solution
Added details to the docstrings. Mostly this consisted of specifying
that the primitives are centered on the origin, or describing how
they're defined (e.g., a circle is the set of all points some distance
from the origin).
## Testing
No testing, since the only changes were to docs.
# Objective
- Primitives should not use poorly defined types like `usize`,
especially since they are serializable
## Solution
- Use `u32` instead of `usize`
- The generic array types do not need to be changed because this size is
not actually stored or serialized anywhere
---
## Migration Guide
- `RegularPolygon` now uses `u32` instead of `usize` for the number of
sides
# Objective
Fixes#13535.
## Solution
I implemented `Reflect` for close to all math types now, except for some
types that it would cause issues (like some boxed types).
## Testing
- Everything seems to still build, will await CI though.
---
## Changelog
- Made close to all math types implement `Reflect`.
# Objective
Fixes#13456
## Solution
Moved `bevy_math`'s `Reflect` impls from `bevy_reflect` to `bevy_math`.
### Quick note
I accidentally used the same commit message while resolving a merge
conflict (first time I had to resolve a conflict). Sorry about that.
# Objective
- Create a new 2D primitive, Rhombus, also knows as "Diamond Shape"
- Simplify the creation and handling of isometric projections
- Extend Bevy's arsenal of 2D primitives
## Testing
- New unit tests created in bevy_math/ primitives and bev_math/ bounding
- Tested translations, rotations, wireframe, bounding sphere, aabb and
creation parameters
---------
Co-authored-by: Luís Figueiredo <luispcfigueiredo@tecnico.ulisboa.pt>
# Objective
Adopted #11748
## Solution
I've rebased on main to fix the merge conflicts. ~~Not quite ready to
merge yet~~
* Clippy is happy and the tests are passing, but...
* ~~The new shapes in `examples/2d/2d_shapes.rs` don't look right at
all~~ Never mind, looks like radians and degrees just got mixed up at
some point?
* I have updated one doc comment based on a review in the original PR.
---------
Co-authored-by: Alexis "spectria" Horizon <spectria.limina@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Alexis "spectria" Horizon <118812919+spectria-limina@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Joona Aalto <jondolf.dev@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Alice Cecile <alice.i.cecile@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Ben Harper <ben@tukom.org>
# Objective
Adopted #12659.
Resolved the merge conflicts on #12659;
* I merged the `triangle_tests` added by this PR and by #13020.
* I moved the [commented out
code](https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/pull/12659#discussion_r1536640427)
from the original PR into a separate test with `#[should_panic]`.
---------
Co-authored-by: Vitor Falcao <vitorfhc@protonmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Ben Harper <ben@tukom.org>
# Objective
Add interior and boundary sampling for the `Tetrahedron` primitive. This
is part of ongoing work to bring the primitives to parity with each
other in terms of their capabilities.
## Solution
`Tetrahedron` implements the `ShapeSample` trait. To support this, there
is a new public method `Tetrahedron::faces` which gets the faces of a
tetrahedron as `Triangle3d`s. There are more sophisticated ideas for
getting the faces we might want to consider in the future (e.g.
adjusting according to the orientation), but this method gives the most
mathematically straightforward answer, giving the faces the orientation
induced by the tetrahedron itself.
# Objective
Fixes#13332.
## Solution
The assertion `circumradius >= 0.0` to allow zero.
Are there any other shapes that need to be allowed to be constructed
with zero?
---------
Co-authored-by: François Mockers <francois.mockers@vleue.com>
# Objective
- Adds a basic `Extrusion<T: Primitive2d>` shape, suggestion of #10572
## Solution
- Adds `Measured2d` and `Measured3d` traits for getting the
perimeter/area or area/volume of shapes. This allows implementing
`.volume()` and `.area()` for all extrusions `Extrusion<T: Primitive2d +
Measured2d>` within `bevy_math`
- All existing perimeter, area and volume implementations for primitves
have been moved into implementations of `Measured2d` and `Measured3d`
- Shapes should be extruded along the Z-axis since an extrusion of depth
`0.` should be equivalent in everything but name to the base shape
## Caviats
- I am not sure about the naming. `Extrusion<T>` could also be
`Prism<T>` and the `MeasuredNd` could also be something like
`MeasuredPrimitiveNd`. If you have any other suggestions, please fell
free to share them :)
## Future work
This PR adds a basic `Extrusion` shape and does not implement a lot of
things you might want it to. Some of the future possibilities include:
- [ ] bounding for extrusions
- [ ] making extrusions work with gizmos
- [ ] meshing
---------
Co-authored-by: Alice Cecile <alice.i.cecile@gmail.com>
# Objective
- General clenup of the primitives in `bevy_math`
- Add `eccentricity()` to `Ellipse`
## Solution
- Moved `Bounded3d` implementation for `Triangle3d` to the `bounded`
module
- Added `eccentricity()` to `Ellipse`
- `Ellipse::semi_major()` and `::semi_minor()` now accept `&self`
instead of `self`
- `Triangle3d::is_degenerate()` actually uses `f32::EPSILON` as
documented
- Added tests for `Triangle3d`-maths
---------
Co-authored-by: Joona Aalto <jondolf.dev@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Miles Silberling-Cook <nth.tensor@gmail.com>
# Objective
- #10572
There is no 2D primitive available for the common shape of an annulus
(ring).
## Solution
This PR introduces a new type to the existing math primitives:
- `Annulus`: the region between two concentric circles
---
## Changelog
### Added
- `Annulus` primitive to the `bevy_math` crate
- `Annulus` tests (`diameter`, `thickness`, `area`, `perimeter` and
`closest_point` methods)
---------
Co-authored-by: Joona Aalto <jondolf.dev@gmail.com>
# Context
[GitHub Discussion
Link](https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/discussions/12506)
# Objective
- **Clarity:** More explicit representation of a common geometric
primitive.
- **Convenience:** Provide methods tailored to 3D triangles (area,
perimeters, etc.).
## Solution
- Adding the `Triangle3d` primitive into the `bevy_math` crate.
---
## Changelog
### Added
- `Triangle3d` primitive to the `bevy_math` crate
### Changed
- `Triangle2d::reverse`: the first and last vertices are swapped instead
of the second and third.
---------
Co-authored-by: Miles Silberling-Cook <NthTensor@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Joona Aalto <jondolf.dev@gmail.com>
# Objective
Split up from #12017, rename Bevy's direction types.
Currently, Bevy has the `Direction2d`, `Direction3d`, and `Direction3dA`
types, which provide a type-level guarantee that their contained vectors
remain normalized. They can be very useful for a lot of APIs for safety,
explicitness, and in some cases performance, as they can sometimes avoid
unnecessary normalizations.
However, many consider them to be inconvenient to use, and opt for
standard vector types like `Vec3` because of this. One reason is that
the direction type names are a bit long and can be annoying to write (of
course you can use autocomplete, but just typing `Vec3` is still nicer),
and in some intances, the extra characters can make formatting worse.
The naming is also inconsistent with Glam's shorter type names, and
results in names like `Direction3dA`, which (in my opinion) are
difficult to read and even a bit ugly.
This PR proposes renaming the types to `Dir2`, `Dir3`, and `Dir3A`.
These names are nice and easy to write, consistent with Glam, and work
well for variants like the SIMD aligned `Dir3A`. As a bonus, it can also
result in nicer formatting in a lot of cases, which can be seen from the
diff of this PR.
Some examples of what it looks like: (copied from #12017)
```rust
// Before
let ray_cast = RayCast2d::new(Vec2::ZERO, Direction2d::X, 5.0);
// After
let ray_cast = RayCast2d::new(Vec2::ZERO, Dir2::X, 5.0);
```
```rust
// Before (an example using Bevy XPBD)
let hit = spatial_query.cast_ray(
Vec3::ZERO,
Direction3d::X,
f32::MAX,
true,
SpatialQueryFilter::default(),
);
// After
let hit = spatial_query.cast_ray(
Vec3::ZERO,
Dir3::X,
f32::MAX,
true,
SpatialQueryFilter::default(),
);
```
```rust
// Before
self.circle(
Vec3::new(0.0, -2.0, 0.0),
Direction3d::Y,
5.0,
Color::TURQUOISE,
);
// After (formatting is collapsed in this case)
self.circle(Vec3::new(0.0, -2.0, 0.0), Dir3::Y, 5.0, Color::TURQUOISE);
```
## Solution
Rename `Direction2d`, `Direction3d`, and `Direction3dA` to `Dir2`,
`Dir3`, and `Dir3A`.
---
## Migration Guide
The `Direction2d` and `Direction3d` types have been renamed to `Dir2`
and `Dir3`.
## Additional Context
This has been brought up on the Discord a few times, and we had a small
[poll](https://discord.com/channels/691052431525675048/1203087353850364004/1212465038711984158)
on this. `Dir2`/`Dir3`/`Dir3A` was quite unanimously chosen as the best
option, but of course it was a very small poll and inconclusive, so
other opinions are certainly welcome too.
---------
Co-authored-by: IceSentry <c.giguere42@gmail.com>
# Objective
Split up from #12017, add an aligned version of `Direction3d` for SIMD,
and move direction types out of `primitives`.
## Solution
Add `Direction3dA` and move direction types into a new `direction`
module.
---
## Migration Guide
The `Direction2d`, `Direction3d`, and `InvalidDirectionError` types have
been moved out of `bevy::math::primitives`.
Before:
```rust
use bevy::math::primitives::Direction3d;
```
After:
```rust
use bevy::math::Direction3d;
```
---------
Co-authored-by: Alice Cecile <alice.i.cecile@gmail.com>
# Objective
- I hated having to do `Cuboid::new(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)` or
`Cuboid::from_size(Vec3::splat(1.0))` when there should be a much easier
way to do this.
## Solution
- Implemented a `from_length()` method that only takes in a single
float, and constructs a primitive of equal size in all directions.
- Ex:
```rs
// These:
Cuboid::new(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
Cuboid::from_size(Vec3::splat(1.0));
// Are equivalent to this:
Cuboid::from_length(1.0);
```
- For the rest of the changed primitives:
```rs
Rectangle::from_length(1.0);
Plane3d::default().mesh().from_length(1.0);
```
The PR is in a reviewable state now in the sense that the basic
implementations are there. There are still some ToDos that I'm aware of:
- [x] docs for all the new structs and traits
- [x] implement `Default` and derive other useful traits for the new
structs
- [x] Take a look at the notes again (Do this after a first round of
reviews)
- [x] Take care of the repetition in the circle drawing functions
---
# Objective
- TLDR: This PR enables us to quickly draw all the newly added
primitives from `bevy_math` in immediate mode with gizmos
- Addresses #10571
## Solution
- This implements the first design idea I had that covered everything
that was mentioned in the Issue
https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/issues/10571#issuecomment-1863646197
---
## Caveats
- I added the `Primitive(2/3)d` impls for `Direction(2/3)d` to make them
work with the current solution. We could impose less strict requirements
for the gizmoable objects and remove the impls afterwards if the
community doesn't like the current approach.
---
## Changelog
- implement capabilities to draw ellipses on the gizmo in general (this
was required to have some code which is able to draw the ellipse
primitive)
- refactored circle drawing code to use the more general ellipse drawing
code to keep code duplication low
- implement `Primitive2d` for `Direction2d` and impl `Primitive3d` for
`Direction3d`
- implement trait to draw primitives with specialized details with
gizmos
- `GizmoPrimitive2d` for all the 2D primitives
- `GizmoPrimitive3d` for all the 3D primitives
- (question while writing this: Does it actually matter if we split this
in 2D and 3D? I guess it could be useful in the future if we do
something based on the main rendering mode even though atm it's kinda
useless)
---
---------
Co-authored-by: nothendev <borodinov.ilya@gmail.com>
# Objective
It's often necessary to rotate directions, but it currently has to be
done like this:
```rust
Direction3d::new_unchecked(quat * *direction)
```
It'd be nice if you could rotate `Direction3d` directly:
```rust
quat * direction
```
## Solution
Implement `Mul<Direction3d>` for `Quat` ~~and the other way around.~~
(Glam doesn't impl `Mul<Quat>` or `MulAssign<Quat>` for `Vec3`)
The quaternion must be a unit quaternion to keep the direction
normalized, so there is a `debug_assert!` to be sure. Almost all `Quat`
constructors produce unit quaternions, so there should only be issues if
doing something like `quat + quat` instead of `quat * quat`, using
`Quat::from_xyzw` directly, or when you have significant enough drift
caused by e.g. physics simulation that doesn't normalize rotation. In
general, these would probably cause unexpected results anyway.
I also moved tests around slightly to make `dim2` and `dim3` more
consistent (`dim3` had *two* separate `test` modules for some reason).
In the future, we'll probably want a `Rotation2d` type that would
support the same for `Direction2d`. I considered implementing
`Mul<Mat2>` for `Direction2d`, but that would probably be more
questionable since `Mat2` isn't as clearly associated with rotations as
`Quat` is.
# Objective
Currently, the `Capsule` primitive is technically dimension-agnostic in
that it implements both `Primitive2d` and `Primitive3d`. This seems good
on paper, but it can often be useful to have separate 2D and 3D versions
of primitives.
For example, one might want a two-dimensional capsule mesh. We can't
really implement both 2D and 3D meshing for the same type using the
upcoming `Meshable` trait (see #11431). We also currently don't
implement `Bounded2d` for `Capsule`, see
https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/pull/11336#issuecomment-1890797788.
Having 2D and 3D separate at a type level is more explicit, and also
more consistent with the existing primitives, as there are no other
types that implement both `Primitive2d` and `Primitive3d` at the same
time.
## Solution
Rename `Capsule` to `Capsule3d` and add `Capsule2d`. `Capsule2d`
implements `Bounded2d`.
For now, I went for `Capsule2d` for the sake of consistency and clarity.
Mathematically the more accurate term would be `Stadium` or `Pill` (see
[Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stadium_(geometry))), but
those might be less obvious to game devs. For reference, Godot has
[`CapsuleShape2D`](https://docs.godotengine.org/en/stable/classes/class_capsuleshape2d.html).
I can rename it if others think the geometrically correct name is better
though.
---
## Changelog
- Renamed `Capsule` to `Capsule3d`
- Added `Capsule2d` with `Bounded2d` implemented
---------
Co-authored-by: Alice Cecile <alice.i.cecile@gmail.com>
# Objective
The first part of #10569, split up from #11007.
The goal is to implement meshing support for Bevy's new geometric
primitives, starting with 2D primitives. 3D meshing will be added in a
follow-up, and we can consider removing the old mesh shapes completely.
## Solution
Add a `Meshable` trait that primitives need to implement to support
meshing, as suggested by the
[RFC](https://github.com/bevyengine/rfcs/blob/main/rfcs/12-primitive-shapes.md#meshing).
```rust
/// A trait for shapes that can be turned into a [`Mesh`].
pub trait Meshable {
/// The output of [`Self::mesh`]. This can either be a [`Mesh`]
/// or a builder used for creating a [`Mesh`].
type Output;
/// Creates a [`Mesh`] for a shape.
fn mesh(&self) -> Self::Output;
}
```
This PR implements it for the following primitives:
- `Circle`
- `Ellipse`
- `Rectangle`
- `RegularPolygon`
- `Triangle2d`
The `mesh` method typically returns a builder-like struct such as
`CircleMeshBuilder`. This is needed to support shape-specific
configuration for things like mesh resolution or UV configuration:
```rust
meshes.add(Circle { radius: 0.5 }.mesh().resolution(64));
```
Note that if no configuration is needed, you can even skip calling
`mesh` because `From<MyPrimitive>` is implemented for `Mesh`:
```rust
meshes.add(Circle { radius: 0.5 });
```
I also updated the `2d_shapes` example to use primitives, and tweaked
the colors to have better contrast against the dark background.
Before:
After:
Here you can see the UVs and different facing directions: (taken from
#11007, so excuse the 3D primitives at the bottom left)
---
## Changelog
- Added `bevy_render::mesh::primitives` module
- Added `Meshable` trait and implemented it for:
- `Circle`
- `Ellipse`
- `Rectangle`
- `RegularPolygon`
- `Triangle2d`
- Implemented `Default` and `Copy` for several 2D primitives
- Updated `2d_shapes` example to use primitives
- Tweaked colors in `2d_shapes` example to have better contrast against
the (new-ish) dark background
---------
Co-authored-by: Alice Cecile <alice.i.cecile@gmail.com>
# Objective
Working towards finishing a part of #10572, this PR adds a ton of math
helpers and useful constructors for primitive shapes. I also tried
fixing some naming inconsistencies.
## Solution
- Add mathematical helpers like `area`, `volume`, `perimeter`,
`RegularPolygon::inradius` and so on, trying to cover all core
mathematical properties of each shape
- Add some constructors like `Rectangle::from_corners`,
`Cuboid::from_corners` and `Plane3d::from_points`
I also derived `PartialEq` for the shapes where it's trivial. Primitives
like `Line2d` and `Segment2d` are not trivial because you could argue
that they would be equal if they had an opposite direction.
All mathematical methods have tests with reference values computed by
hand or with external tools.
## Todo
- [x] Add tests to verify that the values from mathematical helpers are
correct
---------
Co-authored-by: IQuick 143 <IQuick143cz@gmail.com>
# Objective
- Implement common traits on primitives
## Solution
- Derive PartialEq on types that were missing it.
- Derive Copy on small types that were missing it.
- Derive Serialize/Deserialize if the feature on bevy_math is enabled.
- Add a lot of cursed stuff to the bevy_reflect `impls` module.
# Objective
Make APIs more consistent and ergonomic by adding a `new` constructor
for `Circle` and `Sphere`.
This could be seen as a redundant "trivial constructor", but in
practise, it seems valuable to me. I have lots of cases where formatting
becomes ugly because of the lack of a constructor, like this:
```rust
Circle {
radius: self.radius(),
}
.contains_local_point(centered_pt)
```
With `new`, it'd be formatted much nicer:
```rust
Circle::new(self.radius()).contains_local_point(centered_pt)
```
Of course, this is just one example, but my circle/sphere definitions
very frequently span three or more lines when they could fit on one.
Adding `new` also increases consistency. `Ellipse` has `new` already,
and so does the mesh version of `Circle`.
## Solution
Add a `new` constructor for `Circle` and `Sphere`.
# Objective
#10946 added bounding volume types and an `IntersectsVolume` trait, but
didn't actually implement intersections between bounding volumes.
This PR implements AABB-AABB, circle-circle / sphere-sphere, and
AABB-circle / AABB-sphere intersections.
## Solution
Implement `IntersectsVolume` for bounding volume pairs. I also added
`closest_point` methods to return the closest point on the surface /
inside of bounding volumes. This is used for AABB-circle / AABB-sphere
intersections.
---------
Co-authored-by: IQuick 143 <IQuick143cz@gmail.com>
# Objective
`Direction2d::from_normalized` & `Direction3d::from_normalized` don't
emphasize that importance of the vector being normalized enough.
## Solution
Rename `from_normalized` to `new_unchecked` and add more documentation.
---
`Direction2d` and `Direction3d` were added somewhat recently in
https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/pull/10466 (after 0.12), so I don't
think documenting the changelog and migration guide is necessary (Since
there is no major previous version to migrate from).
But here it is anyway in case it's needed:
## Changelog
- Renamed `Direction2d::from_normalized` and
`Direction3d::from_normalized` to `new_unchecked`.
## Migration Guide
- Renamed `Direction2d::from_normalized` and
`Direction3d::from_normalized` to `new_unchecked`.
---------
Co-authored-by: Tristan Guichaoua <33934311+tguichaoua@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Joona Aalto <jondolf.dev@gmail.com>
# Objective
Currently, the `Ellipse` primitive is represented by a `half_width` and
`half_height`. To improve consistency (similarly to #11434), it might
make more sense to use a `Vec2` `half_size` instead.
Alternatively, to make the elliptical nature clearer, the properties
could also be called `radius_x` and `radius_y`.
Secondly, `Ellipse::new` currently takes a *full* width and height
instead of two radii. I would expect it to take the half-width and
half-height because ellipses and circles are almost always defined using
radii. I wouldn't expect `Circle::new` to take a diameter (if we had
that method).
## Solution
Change `Ellipse` to store a `half_size` and `new` to take the half-width
and half-height.
I also added a `from_size` method similar to `Rectangle::from_size`, and
added the `semi_minor` and `semi_major` helpers to get the
semi-minor/major radius.
# Objective
The `Rectangle` and `Cuboid` primitives currently use different
representations:
```rust
pub struct Rectangle {
/// The half width of the rectangle
pub half_width: f32,
/// The half height of the rectangle
pub half_height: f32,
}
pub struct Cuboid {
/// Half of the width, height and depth of the cuboid
pub half_extents: Vec3,
}
```
The property names and helpers are also inconsistent. `Cuboid` has
`half_extents`, but it also has a method called `from_size`. Most
existing code also uses "size" instead of "extents".
## Solution
Represent both `Rectangle` and `Cuboid` with `half_size` properties.
# Objective
Closes#10570.
#10946 added bounding volume types and traits, but didn't use them for
anything yet. This PR implements `Bounded2d` and `Bounded3d` for Bevy's
primitive shapes.
## Solution
Implement `Bounded2d` and `Bounded3d` for primitive shapes. This allows
computing AABBs and bounding circles/spheres for them.
For most shapes, there are several ways of implementing bounding
volumes. I took inspiration from [Parry's bounding
volumes](https://github.com/dimforge/parry/tree/master/src/bounding_volume),
[Inigo Quilez](http://iquilezles.org/articles/diskbbox/), and figured
out the rest myself using geometry. I tried to comment all slightly
non-trivial or unclear math to make it understandable.
Parry uses support mapping (finding the farthest point in some direction
for convex shapes) for some AABBs like cones, cylinders, and line
segments. This involves several quat operations and normalizations, so I
opted for the simpler and more efficient geometric approaches shown in
[Quilez's article](http://iquilezles.org/articles/diskbbox/).
Below you can see some of the bounding volumes working in 2D and 3D.
Note that I can't conveniently add these examples yet because they use
primitive shape meshing, which is still WIP.
https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/assets/57632562/4465cbc6-285b-4c71-b62d-a2b3ee16f8b4https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/assets/57632562/94b4ac84-a092-46d7-b438-ce2e971496a4
---
## Changelog
- Implemented `Bounded2d`/`Bounded3d` for primitive shapes
- Added `from_point_cloud` method for bounding volumes (used by many
bounding implementations)
- Added `point_cloud_2d/3d_center` and `rotate_vec2` utility functions
- Added `RegularPolygon::vertices` method (used in regular polygon AABB
construction)
- Added `Triangle::circumcenter` method (used in triangle bounding
circle construction)
- Added bounding circle/sphere creation from AABBs and vice versa
## Extra
Do we want to implement `Bounded2d` for some "3D-ish" shapes too? For
example, capsules are sort of dimension-agnostic and useful for 2D, so I
think that would be good to implement. But a cylinder in 2D is just a
rectangle, and a cone is a triangle, so they wouldn't make as much sense
to me. A conical frustum would be an isosceles trapezoid, which could be
useful, but I'm not sure if computing the 2D AABB of a 3D frustum makes
semantic sense.
# Objective
When creating a normalized direction from a vector, it can be useful to
get both the direction *and* the original length of the vector.
This came up when I was recreating some Parry APIs using bevy_math, and
doing it manually is quite painful. Nalgebra calls this method
[`Unit::try_new_and_get`](https://docs.rs/nalgebra/latest/nalgebra/base/struct.Unit.html#method.try_new_and_get).
## Solution
Add a `new_and_length` method to `Direction2d` and `Direction3d`.
Usage:
```rust
if let Ok((direction, length)) = Direction2d::new_and_length(Vec2::X * 10.0) {
assert_eq!(direction, Vec2::X);
assert_eq!(length, 10.0);
}
```
I'm open to different names, couldn't come up with a perfectly clear one
that isn't too long. My reasoning with the current name is that it's
like using `new` and calling `length` on the original vector.
# Objective
I often need a direction along one of the cartesian XYZ axes, and it
currently requires e.g. `Direction2d::from_normalized(Vec2::X)`, which
isn't ideal.
## Solution
Add direction constants that are the same as the ones on Glam types. I
also copied the doc comment format "A unit vector pointing along the ...
axis", but I can change it if there's a better wording for directions.
# Objective
I frequently encounter cases where I need to get the opposite direction.
This currently requires something like
`Direction2d::from_normalized(-*direction)`, which is very inconvenient.
## Solution
Implement `Neg` for `Direction2d` and `Direction3d`.
# Objective
Make direction construction a bit more ergonomic.
## Solution
Add `Direction2d::from_xy` and `Direction3d::from_xyz`, similar to
`Transform::from_xyz`:
```rust
let dir2 = Direction2d::from_xy(0.5, 0.5).unwrap();
let dir3 = Direction3d::from_xyz(0.5, 0.5, 0.5).unwrap();
```
This can be a bit cleaner than using `new`:
```rust
let dir2 = Direction2d::new(Vec2::new(0.5, 0.5)).unwrap();
let dir3 = Direction3d::new(Vec3::new(0.5, 0.5, 0.5)).unwrap();
```
